{"id":51526,"date":"2025-12-12T16:45:07","date_gmt":"2025-12-12T16:45:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/247stiri.ro\/index.php\/2025\/12\/12\/ce-trebuie-sa-stii-despre-lepra-cum-se-transmite-si-ce-simptome-are-a-revenit-in-romania-dupa-44-de-ani\/"},"modified":"2025-12-12T16:45:07","modified_gmt":"2025-12-12T16:45:07","slug":"ce-trebuie-sa-stii-despre-lepra-cum-se-transmite-si-ce-simptome-are-a-revenit-in-romania-dupa-44-de-ani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/247stiri.ro\/index.php\/2025\/12\/12\/ce-trebuie-sa-stii-despre-lepra-cum-se-transmite-si-ce-simptome-are-a-revenit-in-romania-dupa-44-de-ani\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce trebuie s\u0103 \u0219tii despre lepr\u0103: cum se transmite \u0219i ce simptome are? A revenit \u00een Rom\u00e2nia dup\u0103 44 de ani"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Toate cele patru persoane sunt originare din Asia \u0219i lucreaz\u0103 ca terapeut \u00eentr-un salon SPA din ora\u0219.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.realitatea.net\/stiri\/sanatate\/doua-cazuri-de-lepra-confirmate-la-clujnapoca-primele-in-romania-din-1981_693bf64ba2351b2c07424f13\" target=\"_blank\">Boala Hansen<\/a> este provocat\u0103 de bacteria Mycobacterium leprae, un agent patogen care afecteaz\u0103 \u00een special pielea, nervii periferici, mucoasa nazal\u0103 \u0219i ochii. L\u0103sat\u0103 netratat\u0103, poate duce la pierderea sensibilit\u0103\u021bii, dizabilit\u0103\u021bi severe, deform\u0103ri \u0219i chiar orbire, avertizeaz\u0103 Organiza\u021bia Mondial\u0103 a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii.<\/p>\n<p>Cum se manifest\u0103 lepra<\/p>\n<p>Boala evolueaz\u0103 lent, iar primele simptome pot ap\u0103rea abia dup\u0103 c\u00e2\u021biva ani de la contactul cu bacteria. Perioada de incuba\u021bie medie variaz\u0103 \u00eentre trei \u0219i cinci ani, motiv pentru care identificarea momentului infect\u0103rii este dificil\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Printre manifest\u0103rile frecvente se num\u0103r\u0103:<\/p>\n<p>pete pe piele cu aspect diferit de restul tegumentului (mai deschise, mai \u00eenchise sau ro\u0219iatice);<\/p>\n<p>zone cutanate cu sensibilitate redus\u0103 sau absent\u0103;<\/p>\n<p>furnic\u0103turi, amor\u021beal\u0103 \u00een m\u00e2ini \u0219i picioare;<\/p>\n<p>r\u0103ni nedureroase;<\/p>\n<p>sl\u0103biciune muscular\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen lipsa tratamentului, boala poate evolua spre complica\u021bii importante: paralizie, \u00eengro\u0219area pielii, pierderea p\u0103rului facial, leziuni ale nasului, ulcera\u021bii persistente \u0219i deform\u0103ri severe.<\/p>\n<p>Diagnosticul se stabile\u0219te prin consult dermatologic, evaluarea simptomelor \u0219i analize de laborator, inclusiv biopsie cutanat\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Cum se transmite lepra<\/p>\n<p>Mecanismul exact de transmitere nu este complet elucidat, \u00eens\u0103 speciali\u0219tii consider\u0103 c\u0103 boala se r\u0103sp\u00e2nde\u0219te prin particulele eliminate \u00een aer de o persoan\u0103 netratat\u0103, \u00een special prin tuse sau str\u0103nut. Contagierea necesit\u0103 un contact apropiat \u0219i de durat\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Foarte important:<\/p>\n<p>lepra nu se transmite prin atingere, str\u00e2ngerea m\u00e2inii, \u00eembr\u0103\u021bi\u0219\u0103ri, folosirea aceluia\u0219i mijloc de transport, mas\u0103 sau birou,<\/p>\n<p>nu se transmite prin contact sexual, \u00een timpul sarcinii sau la na\u0219tere.<\/p>\n<p>Pacien\u021bii care urmeaz\u0103 tratamentul recomandat nu mai sunt contagio\u0219i, potrivit OMS. Doar aproximativ 5% dintre oameni sunt vulnerabili la infec\u021bie, majoritatea av\u00e2nd imunitate natural\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2t de periculoas\u0103 este boala Hansen<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.realitatea.net\/stiri\/actual\/bolile-din-trecut-revin-din-nou-langa-romania-cazuri-de-lepra-si-sifilis-in-secolul-21_64d3f1c1b413a81b5f534cc2\" target=\"_blank\">Lepra este grav\u0103<\/a> doar atunci c\u00e2nd nu este tratat\u0103. \u00cenainte de apari\u021bia antibioticelor, infec\u021bia provoca dizabilit\u0103\u021bi definitive \u0219i marginalizarea bolnavilor. Ast\u0103zi, terapia modern\u0103 \u2013 tratament combinat cu antibiotice (MDT), administrat \u00eentre 12 \u0219i 24 de luni \u2013 vindec\u0103 complet boala. Schema terapeutic\u0103 este oferit\u0103 gratuit, la nivel global, prin programele OMS.<\/p>\n<p>Situa\u021bia \u00een Rom\u00e2nia<\/p>\n<p>Rom\u00e2nia a avut, de-a lungul istoriei, centre speciale pentru pacien\u021bii cu lepr\u0103, numite leprozerii. Ultima r\u0103mas\u0103 \u00een func\u021biune se afl\u0103 la Tichile\u0219ti, \u00een jude\u021bul Tulcea, \u0219i a fost deschis\u0103 \u00een 1928. Dac\u0103 \u00een primele decenii acolo erau interna\u021bi aproximativ 200 de pacien\u021bi, \u00een 2025 erau doar \u0219apte persoane \u00een eviden\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cenainte de cazul raportat \u00een 2025 la Cluj, ultimul diagnostic de lepr\u0103 din Rom\u00e2nia data din 1981.<\/p>\n<p>Lepra \u00een lume \u2013 scurt istoric<\/p>\n<p>De\u0219i adesea perceput\u0103 ca o boal\u0103 disp\u0103rut\u0103, lepra r\u0103m\u00e2ne prezent\u0103 \u00een peste 120 de \u021b\u0103ri. La finalul anului 2024, au fost raportate aproximativ 200.000 de cazuri noi. Originea infec\u021biei este asociat\u0103 Africii de Est, de unde s-a extins \u00een Asia \u0219i Europa. Men\u021biuni despre boal\u0103 apar \u00een texte religioase, scrieri medicale antice \u0219i documente medievale, iar \u00een Evul Mediu existau p\u00e2n\u0103 la 19.000 de leprozerii \u00een Europa.<\/p>\n<p>Situa\u021bia s-a schimbat radical \u00een secolul al XX-lea, odat\u0103 cu descoperirea dapsonului \u0219i ulterior a terapiei combinate, care a vindecat peste 16 milioane de persoane \u00een ultimele patru decenii.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Toate cele patru persoane sunt originare din Asia \u0219i lucreaz\u0103 ca terapeut \u00eentr-un salon SPA&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":51527,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51526","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actual"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/247stiri.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51526","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/247stiri.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/247stiri.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/247stiri.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51526"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/247stiri.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51526\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/247stiri.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/51527"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/247stiri.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51526"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/247stiri.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51526"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/247stiri.ro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51526"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}